随着七月份的到来，6月GRE的考试分数即将揭晓，按照ETS的说明，考生大约在考试4-6周之后会收到纸版的考试成绩，而对于大部分中国同学来说，因为投递时间的缘故，往往需要6-8周才能收到自己的成绩单。对于那些急于知道自己成绩的同学而言，这样的等待无疑是漫长的，因此，在这里给大家详细介绍一下用电话查询GRE成绩的方法。

　　一、 前期准备

　　1、 电话：

　　方法一：IP电话。
　　优点在于比较清晰（当然具体视各电话情况而定），缺点在于昂贵。现在校内、校外都有很多话吧，里面都有IP国际长途电话服务，但是收费高，约每分钟2-3元人民币。

　　方法二：Skype免费网络电话
　　优点在于拨打ETS查分电话免费。只需在网络上下载Skype软件，安装在电脑上使用。

　　2、 信用卡：

　　ETS电话查询分数需要付12美元的费用。根据ETS的官方说法，这笔费用可以通过邮寄或者信用卡的方式交付。但是对于国内同学来说，信用卡无疑是最佳选择，方便、快捷且无须冗余手续费。

　　信用卡可以为国内各银行的“国际卡”，比如中国银行、中国工商银行的国际信用卡，当然外国银行的国际卡也可以用。在此比较推荐大家使用VISA或者MasterCard，因为国内信用卡有时会出现拒绝付款的问题。

　　附：ETS各项收费官方链接：http://www.ets.org/portal/site/ets/menuitem.1488512ecfd5b8849a77b13bc3921509/?vgnextoid=e3f42d3631df4010VgnVCM10000022f95190RCRD&vgnextchannel=f46480dd72cbe110VgnVCM10000022f95190RCRD
　　3、 电话号码及时间

　　号码：座机拨打：001-609-771-7290
　　Skype拨打：001-888-473-7267
　　时间：早上6点到晚上10点（美国东部时间），即约为北京时间晚18:00到次日早10:00。一周七天均可拨打。

　　二、 查询流程

　　1、拨通电话后，先是一段introduction（介绍），此处无关紧要，可以直接按“1”进入，可以省一些时间。如果介绍完毕，你没有反应，稍后会再重复之前那段introduction。之后同样按“1”进入。
　　2、提示有两种服务，查分和送分，查分按“1”。
　　3、提示输入registration number（注册号——见准考证，7位数字），确认按“1”。
　　4、输入registration number，电脑回报进行确认，正确按“1”，错误按“2”。
　　5、输入考试日期，连续输入考试日期的月份、年份的后两位，例如0609便是查询09年6月的成绩。电脑回报，正确按“1”，错误按“2”。
　　6、输入出生月份和日期(四位数字)，例如11月28出生的，输入1128，电脑回报，正确按“1”，错误按“2”。
　　7、电脑报告成绩已经查到，但是如果是N/A状态的，系统提示一周之后再进行查询。
　　8、如果成绩已出，电脑提示选择付款方法，信用卡付款，按“1”，其它汇款按“2”。在这里我们选用信用卡付款。
　　9、输入信用卡16位号码，电脑回报，如正确按“1”，错误按“2”。
　　10、输入信用卡到期时间（expiration date），连续输入月份和年份的后两位。例如2010年6月到期则输入0610，电脑回报，正确按“1”，错误按“2”。
　　11、电脑确认，之后开始报成绩，此时务必注意听写。成绩顺序为：
　　词汇——百分比、排名
　　数学——百分比、排名
　　逻辑写作——百分比、排名

　　可以参见下表：

Section	Percentile（百分比）	Rank（排名）
Verbal
Quantitative
Analytical writing

　　成绩都以数字的方式报告。
　　例如，成绩为690报告为six nine zero，95％报告为nine five，5.5报告为five point five。
　　12、成绩报告重复三次，然后自动退出。


　　
　　三、常见问题

　　1、找谁查
　　建议自己动手查分，中介费用一般为80元。自己动手安全、可靠、便宜。

　　2、听不懂
　　碰到此种情况，如果是自己听力的问题，或者按照上文的说明操作，或在拨打时进行录音。

　　3、电话听不清
　　如果在最后确认信用卡信息（卡号和过期时间）前听不清，可以迅速挂掉电话，不扣费。
　　如果已经确认信息，在听分数时听不清，已经扣费。
　　因此，建议不要在吵闹的地方打电话，挑选看起来可靠的电话。如果使用Skype，可以之前先打其他电话作一些尝试。

　　4、电话断线
　　具体情况、结果同前面的“电话听不清”

　　5、信用卡拒绝付费
　　当ETS到你的信用卡上划钱的时候，信用卡系统可能以各种理由认为这笔钱是不安全或不正当款项，拒绝支付。遇到此种情况，ETS会采用冻结分数的方式，迫使考生补交这笔钱。此时只能办理汇票或者支票，这些需要在大一点的中国银行办理，或者再次电话联系ETS，使用另外的信用卡付费。建议如果碰到此种情况，先电话或者E-mail查询具体欠费金额，因为可能需要交罚款。

　　如果查询分数时，信用卡支付顺利，则ETS会给你寄账单。如果有收到催款的E-mail，则说明可能碰到信用卡拒付的问题了。

　　因此建议使用VISA或者Master Card，国内信用卡容易出现拒付现象。

　　6、如果是第一次使用IP电话查分，建议多备点钱，50元人民币基本够。

　　最后，预祝各位GRE考生都能得到一个理想的成绩。

考试前

GRE考试概述
1、GRE计算机化考试的形式如何？

GRE计算机化考试采用自适应形式（Adaptive）。具体说，考生答题时，计算机一屏只显示一道题，题目出自一个很大的以内容和难易程度分类的题库，一般第一题难度为中等，以后出现的题目，其难易程度将根据每个考生对前一个问题的回答结果来决定。所以，计算机化(Adaptive)考试要求考生在进入下一题之前必须给出本题的答案，并且不能返回检查或更改前面的答案。

2、GRE分开考试的结构是怎样的？

GRE考试分为两部分：逻辑作文考试为机考；语文和数学部分为纸笔考试。考生必须要在同一考试年度内同时完成机考和纸笔考试（例如：在7月1日到第二年的6月30日期间），并且首先完成逻辑作文部分的机考。纸笔部分的考试要在2007-2008年期间完成。逻辑作文部分的机考时间总共是两小时，纸笔考试时间总共是两个半小时。

3、哪个国家实行GRE的分开考试？

4、考生可以在不同的国家分别参加机考与纸笔考试吗？比如，机考在韩国，纸笔考试在香港。

可以，这种做法是允许的。

5、为什么ETS要将GRE考试分为两部分考？

ETS把考试分为两部分是为了恢复这些地区的学生的考试分数的合法性。管理部门将语文和数学恢复到纸笔考试，是为了避免一些同学通过记忆试题而获得了不公平的优势。逻辑作文部分实行机考。ETS的类似短文检测软件将会对考生的作文回答进行评论。这种软件保证了对作文评分有一个原始评论思想和逻辑作文的最高水准。当ETS保证了对考试分数决定的合法性时，所有的考生才会受益（请注意）。

6、考生可以先完成语文和数学部分的纸笔考试，然后再完成逻辑作文的机考吗？

不行，考生必须先完成逻辑作文部分的机考。

7、考生可以选择两次机考，代替一次机考和一次纸笔考试吗？

不能。因为作文部分是机考形式，而语文和数学部分是纸笔考试的形式。考生必须要完成机考和纸笔考试，才能算完成了GRE的全部考试。

GRE备考
1、参加计算机化考试需要具备多少计算机知识？

参加计算机化考试，考生只需要很少的计算机知识。
考试系统在每个GRE考试开始之前都提供一个Tutorial辅导练习，帮助考生了解如何回答问题，如何使用鼠标，如何输入答案，如何使用帮助功能以及介绍屏幕上出现的按钮的功能和使用。Tutorial不占用考试时间，建议考生最好仔细阅读该部分内容，以免出现不必要的失误。

2、考生如何准备GRE的分开考试？

GRE考试组织会在收到考生的注册信息之后向考试登记者寄送准备考试的资料。这些寄送的资料包括练习题、应试策略和得分信息。ETS会寄送考前练习光盘让考生准备作文部分的机考，并且寄送GRE考试练习手册让考生准备语文和数学部分的纸笔考试。这些资料也可以直接在GRE的网上（www.gre.org）下载。

3、怎样获得GRE考题参考样例？

参阅www.gre.org

4、如何获取GRE Bulletin？

可以在www.gre.org下载

5、参加CBT（Computer-Based Testing）考试需要了解哪些相关规定？

参加CBT考试需要了解以下相关规定：

中国地区报名考试及付款的要求
更改和取消考试的规定
证件要求
考场规则
报考学校和报送成绩

以上规定均可在GRE Bulletin插页和Bulletin中查询。此外，GRE Bulletin还提供： 全球所有计算机化考试的考场(名称和号码)；全球所有区域报名中心的联系电话和传真；GRE考试结构等信息。

GRE考试报名
1、如何报名？

登陆http://cbt.etest.net.cn GRE报名系统，在线提交报名申请和考试费

2、如何成为用户？

选择“新用户注册”，按提示提交相关信息，注册成为用户

3、填写报名表注意事项？

在选择参加考试的城市时，请选择您希望的2个城市，至少填写一个；
在选择参加考试的日期时，请在空白处填写您希望的5个日期，至少填写一个；
NEEA/Prometric报名中心确定考试日期的顺序为，在考生的首选城市中，按照考生所提交考试日期顺序安排考试，如果首选城市五个考试日期均没有座位，将会在次选城市中，仍然按照所提交日期顺序安排考试。如果考生提交的所有选择均无法安排考试，报名中心会按照考生报名时所提供的联系方式通知考生。

4、考试什么时候能被安排上？

报名中心收到考生的报名表和考生寄出的考试费到帐后，会在3个工作日之内完成注册。
在有考位的前提下,GRE考试最早会被安排在2个工作日以后；如果考生只提供邮寄地址而无其它有效联络方式，那么考试将会被安排在3个星期以后。

5、没有收到考试确认怎么办？

如果在考试费和报名表递交后，在预选的最近考试日期前3个工作日之前仍没有得到确认信息，有可能：

费用未收到
考生提供的联系方式不正确
请立即与NEEA/Prometric报名中心联系。（由于邻近考期，强烈建议您电话与报名中心联系），对因没有收到确认信息而不参加考试者，不退还考试费。

6、重新参加GRE考试需等候多长时间？

每个日历月可以考一次。如果考生一个月内考两次，ETS会取消考生的第二次考试成绩并没收考试费。允许考生在12个月最多参加5次机考，每次重新考试应间隔1个日历月。如取消成绩也应间隔1个日历月再重新报名参加考试。

GRE更改和取消
1、GRE考生更改考试日期和更换考场的规定？

报名一经确认，考生若要求更换考场或更改考试日期，请在原定考试日期至少3天之前的下午4点(不包括考试当天和申请的当天， 及国家法定节假日在内)，提交并确认报名中心已经收到更改申请和更改费，否则没有更改资格。更改费的缴纳方式与考试费相同。

当您点击考试历史记录，选择要更改的考试记录，请按照屏幕上的提示操作。
支付GRE更改费，在您填写完成GRE更改表后，即可进行此项操作。

2、GRE取消考试的规定？

报名一经确认，考生若要求取消考试并获得部分返款，请于原定考试日期至少3天之前的下午4点(不包括考试当天和申请的当天， 及国家法定节假日在内)，提交并确认报名中心已经收到取消申请，否则没有部分返款。只要符合部分返款规定，ETS将在考试日期后6-8周自动返款。

GRE付款
1、GRE考试费用，更改费用各是多少？

GRE考试费用：RMB 1418元
GRE更改费用：RMB 400元

2、我该如何缴纳GRE费用？

三种缴纳方法：

通过招商银行网上付款http://www.cmbchina.com
通过中国工商银行网上付款http://www.icbc.com.cn
通过任何银行将费用电汇至教育部考试中心指定的银行帐户 （通过银行电汇方式，请考生在附言处留下有效证件号码，须与报名表上的证件号码完全一致）
3、如果用网上付款方式，我需要办理哪些手续？

首先您需要一张由招商银行或中国工商银行认可的具有网上付款功能的银行卡。具体办理办法和程序

请登录招商银行网上付款服务中心http://www.cmbchina.com，或中国工商银行网上付款服务中心http://www.icbc.com.cn
中国工商银行和招商银行网点。
4、如果我在进行网上付款时网络连接中断，该如何处理？

请联系银行服务热线以确定您的付款程序和状态。

5、如果用网上付款方式，付款结果何时会在我的帐户中体现出来？

GRE报名系统会即时收到您的付款确认，此时也即意味着你已经完成了考试预约的全部手续。然而偶尔也有出现延迟的情况，如银行系统延迟向GRE报名系统确认您的付款状态。

6、网上付款是否安全？

为保证网上付款安全，请妥善保管您的网上付款用户名和密码。如有疑问，请联系招商银行或中国工商银行。

GRE考试证件要求
参加GRE考试的考生须同时携带一类和二类两种不同的有效证件参加考试，其中至少有一个是与报名表上填写的ID号一致的一类证件。（两个证件可以均为一类证件）

第一类证件至少有一种是护照、正式居民身份证、军官证。

第二类证件可以是驾驶证、带钢印的工作证(不接受工作卡) 、往来港澳通行证、外国人工作许可证，港澳居民回乡证，学生证。

缺少第二类证件,可按照下列情况准备身份证明信：
学生从所在学校学生处、系（院）办或教务处开具证明信。
个人人事档案在本公司存档的职工从人事部开具证明信，并骑缝盖所在单位的人事章（有“xxxx人事章”的字样）；
个人人事档案不在本公司存档的职工，可在档案所在地（人才交流中心或街道存档处）开具身份证明信，并骑缝盖开具证明信的人事代理章或公章。也可直接到所属街道办事处开具证明信，并骑缝盖街道办事处的公章。
不属于以上情形的考生，可以到户籍所在地派出所开具证明信，应该是有照片、有公章的格式打印户籍证明。
出具上述除第4种证明之外的任一种证明，证明信需有本人照片、本人签字、本人身份证号码，个人体貌特征描述和经办部门的有效直线电话，经办人签字，并且在照片上骑缝盖章：证明信要求是专用介绍信纸或者打印的公司LOGO纸。

未按要求出示证件的考生，考场有权拒绝其参加考试。

请注意: 按照ETS要求，考场不接受以下证件作为考试证件：(但不仅限于此)
持任何假证件的考生不能参加考试
临时证件（包括临时身份证、临时驾驶执照、临时工作证等）
过期的证件（包括过期身份证、过期驾驶执照、过期工作证等）
国际驾驶执照
社会保险卡
任何信用卡
公证函
工作卡
出入证（卡）

 
考试当天
1、参加计算机化考试需要携带什么文具？

任何个人物品包括草稿纸、笔、计算器等均不能在计算机化考场使用，考试必需品都由考场提供。

2、计算机化考场的环境怎样？

计算机化考场按照全球统一标准建设，温度适宜，光线充足，隔音效果良好。各个考位由屏风分隔，相对独立。

3、考生在参加完机考后能得到分数吗，以及是否可以继续参加纸笔考试或可以不参加纸笔考试？

机考结束后考场不提供成绩单。考生可以选择保留成绩或取消成绩。选择了保留成绩的考生计算机会按照你所选的时间和地点为考生注册纸笔考试。只有将三部分的考试（逻辑作文，语文，数学）全部完成才能得到成绩。

4、如何报送成绩？

在机考中，考生可以在计算机上选择报送成绩学校(GRE最多4所)，不需要另交费。如果考生希望报送的学校多于计算机上限制的数量，考生需要填写 GRE Additional Score Report Request Form, 并请将此表和费用一同寄往ETS。

5、考生如何注册纸笔考试（语文和数学部分）？

在机考时，考生将完成一些背景信息调查，选择学校，并且选择纸笔考试的时间和地点。一旦考生完成了计算机化考试，他的考试信息就会被传到ETS，语文和数学部分的考试的注册号码和准考证会由 ETS寄送到考生手中。

6、纸笔考试的时间？

两次纸笔考试的时间都是固定的；具体时间请关注www.gre.org或www.51test.com

7、NEEA/Prometric报名中心会为考生预定纸笔考试的注册日期和时间吗？

不能，报名中心 不负责纸笔考试的报名和注册。

8、在参加纸笔考试前，考生可以参加两次或者更多次的机考吗？

这个主要取决与考生在考试结束时是保留成绩还是取消成绩。只有在2007-2008年期间的完成机考和纸笔两部分考试的考生才能得到分数。
如果考生在机考结束时选择了保留分数，考生允许注册纸笔考试，同时考生要选择纸笔考试的时间和地点。考生在完成纸笔考试后，才能得到成绩。
如果考生机考结束时选择了取消分数，那么考生选择纸笔考试的机会同样也取消，考试费不会退还。考生可以重新注册，交费参加考试。

9、如果考生在考试过程中出现了技术性的问题该怎么办？

如果考生在考试中遇到了技术性的问题，我们有技术人员帮助解决问题。或考生可以得到一次免费重新参加机考的凭证。

考试后

考试成绩和成绩单
1、考生什么时候可以收到成绩单？

在纸笔考试完成后的六周，ETS 会将GRE的考试成绩单寄出。

2、GRE成绩的有效期？

考生必须要在同一阶段内完成作文部分的的机考和语文、数学部分的纸笔考试才能得到成绩。GRE的考试成绩在考生考完后的5年内有效。

联系ETS的问题
1、考生有关纸笔考试的问题以及其他部分的考试的问题与谁联系？如果考生有更多的问题？

考生如果对考题、笔试地点、成绩或报考学校有异议，请直接与ETS联系。

包括选择发送email给ETS，直接发送到gre-info@ets.org或者直接打电话给ETS：001-609-771-7670。

2、考生如何取消或更改他们的纸笔考试部分？

更改或取消纸笔考试部分，考生需要打电话001-609-771-7670或写信给ETS。已经完成机考的考生在 纸笔考试时间前3天取消纸笔考试，可以得到35美金的返款。

3、得到ETS返款的时间？

考生按照ETS的规定请至少在确认的考试日期之前的3天(且不包括考试当天和申请的当天和国家法定节日在内)下午4点之前确认报名中心收到取消申请，将收到部分返款。应该在考试日期后6-8周收到ETS的返款。

4、参加作文考试，能否得到作文的成绩？

只有将三部分的考试（逻辑作文，语文，数学）全部完成才能得到成绩。

申请额外成绩单
考生如何要求额外寄送成绩单？
根据GRE手册和网站上的详细说明，考生可以填写额外寄送成绩申请表并向ETS交纳费用或者直接打电话001-609-771-7670。

和我们联系
电话：010-62799911
人工电话服务时间：周一至周五 北京时间08：30-17：00
周六、周日休息
传真：010-82520243
e-mail： rrc.ptc@prometric.net.cn
地址： 北京市海淀区清华科技园立业大厦 教育部考试中心 考试服务中心
邮编： 100084

 

231" 'Moderation in all things' is ill-considered advice. Rather, one should say, 'Moderation in most things,' since many areas of human concern require or at least profit from intense focus." 
232"The purpose of education should be to create an academic environment that is separate from the outside world. This kind of environment is ideal because it allows students to focus on important ideas without being held back by practical concerns."
233"Although innovations such as video, computers, and the Internet seem to offer schools improved methods for instructing students, these technologies all too often distract from real learning."
234"Most people prefer restrictions and regulations to absolute freedom of choice, although they would probably deny such a preference."
235"Most people are taught that loyalty is a virtue. But loyalty—whether to one's friends, to one's school or place of employment, or to any institution—is all too often a destructive rather than a positive force."
236"Encouraging young people to believe that they can accomplish great things if they try hard enough is both misleading and potentially harmful."
237"Computers and video technology can make facsimiles of original works such as paintings and historical documents available to everyone. The great advantage of this new technology is that it will enable anyone—not just scholars—to conduct in-depth research without having access to the original works."
238"Conformity almost always leads to a deadening of individual creativity and energy."
239"Much of the information that people assume is 'factual' actually turns out to be inaccurate. Thus, any piece of information referred to as a 'fact' should be mistrusted since it may well be proven false in the future."
240"Although it is easy to respond positively to the work of another person or group, it is far more worthwhile to give negative feedback."
241"An individual's greatness cannot be judged objectively by his or her contemporaries; the most objective evaluators of a person's greatness are people who belong to a later time."
242"Societies should try to save every plant and animal species, regardless of the expense to humans in effort, time, and financial well-being."
243"The true value of a civilization is reflected in its artistic creations rather than in its scientific accomplishments."
244"Most societies do not take their greatest thinkers seriously, even when they claim to admire them."

181"The way students and scholars interpret the materials they work with in their academic fields is more a matter of personality than of training. Different interpretations come about when people with different personalities look at exactly the same objects, facts, data, or events and see different things."
182"It is dangerous to trust only intelligence."
183"As we acquire more knowledge, things do not become more comprehensible, but more complex and more mysterious."
184"It is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data."
185"Scandals—whether in politics, academia, or other areas—can be useful. They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could."
186"Practicality is now our great idol, which all powers and talents must serve. Anything that is not obviously practical has little value in today's world."
187"It is easy to welcome innovation and accept new ideas. What most people find difficult, however, is accepting the way these new ideas are put into practice."
188"Success, whether academic or professional, involves an ability to survive in a new environment and, eventually, to change it."
189"If people disregard the great works of the past, it is because these works no longer answer the needs of the present."
190"As long as people in a society are hungry or out of work or lack the basic skills needed to survive, the use of public resources to support the arts is inappropriate—and, perhaps, even cruel—when one considers all the potential uses of such money."
191"Education should be equally devoted to enriching the personal lives of students and to training students to be productive workers."
192"Success in any realm of life comes more often from taking chances or risks than from careful and cautious planning."
193"It is not the headline-making political events but the seldom-reported social tranformations that have the most lasting significance."
194"The best preparation for life or a career is not learning to be competitive, but learning to be cooperative."
195"The goal of politics should not be the pursuit of an ideal, but rather the search for common ground and reasonable consensus."
196"Technology creates more problems than it solves, and may threaten or damage the quality of life."
197"The material progress and well-being of one country are necessarily connected to the material progress and well-being of all other countries."
198"Instead of encouraging conformity, society should show greater appreciation of individual differences."
199"Truly innovative ideas do not arise from groups of people, but from individuals. When groups try to be creative, the members force each other to compromise and, as a result, creative ideas tend to be weakened and made more conventional. Most original ideas arise from individuals working alone."
200"The most elusive knowledge is self-knowledge, and it is usually acquired through solitude, rather than through interaction with others."
201"The purpose of education should be to provide students with a value system, a standard, a set of ideas—not to prepare them for a specific job."
202"Unlike great thinkers and great artists, the most effective political leaders must often yield to public opinion and abandon principle for the sake of compromise."
203"The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its heroines."
204"We learn through direct experience; to accept a theory without experiencing it is to learn nothing at all."
205"As societies all over the world have more and more access to new information, the effects on life-long learning can only be positive."
206"People are too quick to take action; instead they should stop to think of the possible consequences of what they might do."
207"Rituals and ceremonies help define a culture. Without them, societies or groups of people have a diminished sense of who they are."
208"The way people look, dress, and act reveals their attitudes and interests. You can tell much about a society's ideas and values by observing the appearance and behavior of its people."
209"Progress is best made through discussion among people who have contrasting points of view."
210"Most people choose a career on the basis of such pragmatic considerations as the needs of the economy, the relative ease of finding a job, and the salary they can expect to make. Hardly anyone is free to choose a career based on his or her natural talents or interest in a particular kind of work."
211"Any decision-whether made by government, by a corporation, or by an individual person-must take into account future conditions more than present conditions."
212"If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable."
213"Too much emphasis has been placed on the need for students to challenge the assertions of others. In fact, the ability to compromise and work with others—that is, the ability to achieve social harmony—should be a major goal in every school."
214"Society should identify those children who have special talents and abilities and begin training them at an early age so that they can eventually excel in their areas of ability. Otherwise, these talents are likely to remain undeveloped."
215"The bombardment of visual images in contemporary society has the effect of making people less able to focus clearly and extensively on a single issue over a long period of time."
216"Most important discoveries or creations are accidental: it is usually while seeking the answer to one question that we come across the answer to another."
217"In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must first study the successful work of others to learn what contributions remain to be made."
218"In order for any work of art—whether film, literature, sculpture, or a song—to have merit, it must be understandable to most people."
219"Now that computer technology has made possible the rapid accessing of large amounts of factual information, people are less likely than ever to think deeply or originally. They feel unable to compete with—much less contribute to—the quantity of information that is now available electronically."
220"The increase in knowledge is forcing people to specialize. As a result, the distance between fields of specialization has become so vast that specialists in different areas are rarely able to influence each other."
221"The chief benefit of the study of history is to break down the illusion that people in one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at any other time in history."
222"Learning for learning's sake is an outdated concept. Today, education must serve an ulterior purpose and be directed toward clear goals."
223"Education is primarily a personal matter; it has little to do with school or college."
224"Censorship is rarely, if ever, justified."
225"People often look for similarities, even between very different things, and even when it is unhelpful or harmful to do so. Instead, a thing should be considered on its own terms; we should avoid the tendency to compare it to something else."
226"People are mistaken when they assume that the problems they confront are more complex and challenging than the problems faced by their predecessors. This illusion is eventually dispelled with increased knowledge and experience."
227"To remain vigorous, any academic field needs to be led by truly independent thinkers who are willing to ignore established boundaries and challenge long-standing assumptions."
228"The best way to teach—whether as an educator, employer, or parent—is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones."
229"The best way to learn a new subject or skill is to study small segments or details in great depth rather than to start by trying to develop a sense of the whole."
230"College students—and people in general—prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions. Therefore, colleges should eliminate as many choices as possible in order to offer students clear direction."

131"The arts (painting, music, literature, etc.) reveal the otherwise hidden ideas and impulses of a society."
132"The university community consists of three different worlds—the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences. Because each world operates on its own assumptions and has its own special habits of thinking, rarely is there meaningful interaction among the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences."
133"The problems of modern society have led many people to complain: 'We live in terrible times.' Yet, given the choice, no one today would prefer to live in any other time."
134"Students should be encouraged to realize that mental agility and rhetorical skill must be accompanied by sincerity and the true conviction of their own beliefs."
135"While most of the environmental problems we face result from the use of technology, society must depend upon technology to find solutions to these problems."
136"The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare."
137"What we call progress is a matter of exchanging one problem for another."
138"Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress."
139"Every new generation needs to redefine 'right' and 'wrong' in its own terms and according to the conditions of its own time."
140"What society has thought to be its greatest social, political, and individual achievements have often resulted in the greatest discontent."
141"Most people recognize the benefits of individuality, but the fact is that personal economic success requires conformity."
142"The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority."
143"Artists should pay little attention to their critics.* Criticism tends to undermine and constrain the artist's creativity."
*those who evaluate works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc.
144"It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value."
*a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc.
145"A crucial test of character is whether one is able to adapt to changing social conventions without sacrificing one's principles."
146"People who are the most deeply committed to an idea or policy are the most critical of it."
147"Tradition and modernization are incompatible. One must choose between them."
148"Many people admire idealism, but it usually leads to disappointment or trouble."
149"The most practical and effective way to protect wilderness areas is to attract more tourists to these areas through environmentally sensitive projects."
150"Because of television and worldwide computer connections, people can now become familiar with a great many places that they have never visited. As a result, tourism will soon become obsolete."
151"High-speed electronic communications media, such as electronic mail and television, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication."
152"The only responsibility of corporate executives, provided they stay within the law, is to make as much money as possible for their companies."
153"Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."
154"Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools. Education is too important to leave solely to a group of professional educators."
155"Contemporary society offers so many ways of learning that reading books is no longer very important."
156"Choice is an illusion. In reality, our lives are controlled by the society in which we live."
157"There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires."
158The arts (music, dance, visual arts, etc.) are vitally important to students' education and should therefore receive as much emphasis as mathematics, science, reading and other mainstream subjects."
159"The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of human minds."
160"The most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives. Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little."
161"In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possible for a society to regard any woman or man as a hero. The reputation of anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be diminished."
162"One often hears about the need for individuals to take responsibility for their own lives. However, the conditions in which people find themselves have been largely established long before people become aware of them. Thus, the concept of personal responsibility is much more complicated and unrealistic than is often assumed."
163"Most people live, whether physically or morally, in a very restricted circle. They make use of a very limited portion of the resources available to them until they face a great problem or crisis."
164"Sometimes imagination is a more valuable asset than experience. People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible and thus can approach a task without constraints of established habits and attitudes."
165"In any given field, the leading voices come from people who are motivated not by conviction but by the desire to present opinions and ideas that differ from those held by the majority."
166"Over the past century, the most significant contribution of technology has been to make people's lives more comfortable."
167"It is impossible for an effective political leader to tell the truth all the time. Complete honesty is not a useful virtue for a politician."
168"Critical judgment of work in any given field has little value unless it comes from someone who is an expert in that field."
169"Those who treat politics and morality as though they were separate realms fail to understand either the one or the other."
170"The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general welfare of all its people."
171"People who pursue their own intellectual interests for purely personal reasons are more likely to benefit the rest of the world than are people who try to act for the public good."
172"Important truths begin as outrageous, or at least uncomfortable, attacks upon the accepted wisdom of the time."
173"Originality does not mean thinking something that was never thought before; it means putting old ideas together in new ways."
174"Laws should not be rigid or fixed. Instead, they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places."
175"It is always an individual who is the impetus for innovation; the details may be worked out by a team, but true innovation results from the enterprise and unique perception of an individual."
176"The function of science is to reassure; the purpose of art is to upset. Therein lies the value of each."
177"The study of an academic discipline alters the way we perceive the world. After studying the discipline, we see the same world as before, but with different eyes."
178"It is possible to pass laws that control or place limits on people's behavior, but legislation cannot reform human nature. Laws cannot change what is in people's hearts and minds."
179"What most human beings really want to attain is not knowledge, but certainty. Gaining real knowledge requires taking risks and keeping the mind open—but most people prefer to be reassured rather than to learn the complex and often unsettling truth about anything."
180"Many problems of modern society cannot be solved by laws and the legal system because moral behavior cannot be legislated."

81"Patriotic reverence for the history of a nation often does more to impede than to encourage progress."

 

 

 

82"Government should never censor the artistic works or historical displays that a museum wishes to exhibit."

 

 

 

83"Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state, even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus accessible to only a few people."

 

 

 

84"In any field of endeavor, it is impossible to make a significant contribution without first being strongly influenced by past achievements within that field."

 

 

 

85"Government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts."

 

 

 

86"Young people should be encouraged to pursue long-term, realistic goals rather than seek immediate fame and recognition."

 

 

 

87"In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important discoveries."

 

 

 

88"Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics."

 

 

 

89"Leaders are created primarily by the demands that are placed upon them."

 

 

 

90"College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that interest them rather than seek programs that promise entry into the job market."

 

 

 

91"Most people think that their deeply held values are the result of rational choice, but reason often has little to do with the way people form values."

 

 

 

92"In any academic area or professional field, it is just as important to recognize the limits of our knowledge and understanding as it is to acquire new facts and information."

 

 

 

93"The concept of 'individual responsibility' is a necessary fiction. Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions, people's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making."

 

 

 

94"Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study because acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly educated."

 

 

 

95"People work more productively in teams than individually. Teamwork requires cooperation, which motivates people much more than individual competition does."

 

 

 

96"Although, critics who write about the arts tend to deny the existence of any objective standards for evaluating works of art, they have a responsibility to establish standards by which works of art can be judged."

 

 

 

97"It is unfortunate but true that political decisions and activities affect all aspects of people's lives."

 

 

 

98"Colleges and universities should offer more courses on popular music, film, advertising, and television because contemporary culture has much greater relevance for students than do arts and literature of the past."

 

 

 

99"In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options."

 

 

 

100"The pressure to achieve high grades in school seriously limits the quality of learning. An educational environment without grades would promote more genuine intellectual development."

 

 

 

101"Governments should provide funding for artists so that the arts can flourish and be available to all people."

 

 

 

102"For better or worse, education is a process that involves revising the ideas, beliefs, and values people held in the past."

 

 

 

103"The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives."

 

 

 

104"It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears."

 

 

 

105"The true strength of a country is best demonstrated by the willingness of its government to tolerate challenges from it's own citizens."

 

 

 

106"All students should be required to take at least one course in ethics, even if taking the course means a decreased emphasis on academic subjects."

 

 

 

107"Instant communication systems encourage people to form hasty opinions and give quick replies rather than take the time to develop thoughtful, well-reasoned points of view."

 

 

 

108"In many countries it is now possible to turn on the television and view government at work. Watching these proceedings can help people understand the issues that affect their lives. The more kinds of government proceedings—trials, debates, meetings, etc—that are televised, the more society will benefit."

 

 

 

109"The purpose of many advertisements is to make consumers want to buy a product so that they will 'be like' the person in the ad. This practice is effective because it not only sells products but also helps people feel better about themselves."

 

 

 

110"When we concern ourselves with the study of history, we become storytellers. Because we can never know the past directly but must construct it by interpreting evidence, exploring history is more of a creative enterprise than it is an objective pursuit. All historians are storytellers."

 

 

 

111"The worldwide distribution of television programs and advertisements is seriously diminishing the differences among cultures."

 

 

 

112"Some educational systems emphasize the development of students' capacity for reasoning and logical thinking, but students would benefit more from an education that also taught them to explore their own emotions."

 

 

 

113"It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves."

 

 

 

114"Humanity has made little real progress over the past century or so. Technological innovations have taken place, but the overall condition of humanity is no better. War, violence, and poverty are still with us. Technology cannot change the condition of humanity."

 

 

 

115"It is through the use of logic and of precise, careful measurement that we become aware of our progress. Without such tools, we have no reference points to indicate how far we have advanced or retreated."

 

 

 

116"With the growth of global networks in such areas as economics and communication, there is no doubt that every aspect of society—including education, politics, the arts, and the sciences—will benefit greatly from international influences."

 

 

 

117"The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience."

 

 

 

118"In any field of endeavor—the sciences, the humanities, the social sciences, industry, etc.—it is not the attainment of a goal that matters, but rather the ideas and discoveries that are encountered on the way to the goal."

 

 

 

119"When research priorities are being set for science, education, or any other area, the most important question to consider is: How many people's lives will be improved if the results are successful?"

 

 

 

120"So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present."

 

 

 

121"At various times in the geological past, many species have become extinct as a result of natural, rather than human, processes. Thus, there is no justification for society to make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species."

 

 

 

122"We owe almost all our knowledge not to people who have agreed, but to people who have disagreed."

 

 

 

123"It is possible to identify a person's politics within a very short time of meeting him or her. Everything about people—their clothes, their friends, the way they talk, what they eat—reflects their political beliefs."

 

 

 

124"Instant foods, instant communication, faster transportation-all of these recent developments are designed to save time. Ironically, though, instead of making more leisure time available, these developments have contributed to a pace of human affairs that is more rushed and more frantic than ever before."

 

 

 

125"The past is no predictor of the future."

 

 

 

126"Society's external rewards are no measure of true success. True success can be measured only in relation to the goals one sets for oneself."

 

 

 

127"Facts are stubborn things. They cannot be altered by our wishes, our inclinations, or the dictates of our passions."

 

 

 

128"It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. In reality, however, formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free."

 

 

 

129"Technology is a necessary but not always a positive force in modern life."

 

 

 

130"How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society."

 

47"Society does not place enough emphasis on the intellect—that is, on reasoning and other cognitive skills."

48"The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."

49"Imaginative works such as novels, plays, films, fairy tales, and legends present a more accurate and meaningful picture of human experience than do factual accounts. Because the creators of fiction shape and focus reality rather than report on it literally, their creations have a more lasting significance."

50"In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach."

51"Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."

52"Education encourages students to question and criticize, and therefore does little to promote social harmony."

53"College and university education should be free for all students, fully financed by the government."

54"History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today."

55"Competition for high grades seriously limits the quality of learning at all levels of education."

56"Governments should focus more on solving the immediate problems of today rather than trying to solve the anticipated problems of the future."

57"The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is much richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience."

58"The increasingly rapid pace of life today causes more problems than it solves."

59"Too much emphasis is placed on role models. Instead of copying others, people should learn to think and act independently and thus make the choices that are best for them."

60"The media—and society in general—mistakenly expect an individual to speak for a particular group, whether or not that individual truly represents the views of the entire group."

61"High-profile awards such as the Nobel Prize are actually damaging to society because they suggest that only a few people deserve such recognition."

62"The widespread idea that people should make self-improvement a primary goal in their lives is problematic because it assumes that people are intrinsically deficient."

63"To truly understand your own culture—no matter how you define it—requires personal knowledge of at least one other culture, one that is distinctly different from your own."

64"Many people know how to attain success, but few know how to make the best use of it."

65"People have been so encouraged by society to focus on apparent differences that they fail to see meaningful similarities among ideas, individuals, and groups."

66"As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate."

67"Colleges should require students to engage in public-service activities in order to assure that each student receives a balanced, well-rounded education."

68"People make the mistake of treating experts with suspicion and mistrust, no matter how valuable their contributions might be."

69"Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"

70"In any profession—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership."

71"Spending time alone makes one a better companion to others."

72"One can best understand the most important characteristics of a society by studying its major cities."

73"In most professions and academic fields, imagination is more important than knowledge."

74"The most effective way to communicate an idea or value to large groups of people is through the use of images, not language."

75"The people who make important contributions to society are generally not those who develop their own new ideas, but those who are most gifted at perceiving and coordinating the talents and skills of others."

76"Truly profound thinkers and highly creative artists are always out of step with their time and their society."

77"People today are too individualistic. Instead of pursuing self-centered, separate goals, people need to understand that satisfaction comes from working for the greater good of the family, the community, or society as a whole."

78"Schools should be required to teach the essential interconnectedness of all human beings and thus help eliminate wars, cultural clashes, and other forms of conflict."

79"Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other government experts, who are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public."

80"All students should be required to take courses in the sciences, even if they have no interest in science."

26"Most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of any society's past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served."

27"No one can possibly achieve success in the world by conforming to conventional practices and conventional ways of thinking."

28"Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Students who have learned only facts have learned very little."

29"Public figures such as actors, politicians, and athletes should expect people to be interested in their private lives. When they seek a public role, they should expect that they will lose at least some of their privacy."

30"The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time."

31"Money spent on research is almost always a good investment, even when the results of that research are controversial."

32"A school or college should pay its teachers at the same rate in all disciplines, regardless of differences in salaries for related fields in the world outside of school. For example, entry-level teachers in mathematics and in the arts should receive the same pay, even if outside of school, math specialists earn a much higher salary on average than do specialists in the arts."

33"Creating an appealing image has become more important in contemporary society than is the reality or truth behind that image."

34"Instead of requiring students to take courses in a variety of disciplines—that is, courses ranging from the arts and the humanities to the physical and biological sciences—colleges and universities should allow students to enroll only in those courses that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields. Such concentration is necessary in today's increasingly work-oriented society."

35"No matter what the situation, it is more harmful to compromise one's beliefs than to adhere to them."

36"The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live after them, not by their contemporaries."

37"In most societies, competition generally has more of a negative than a positive effect."

38"In the age of television, reading books is not as important as it once was. People can learn as much by watching television as they can by reading books."

39"The intellectual benefits of attending a university or college are vastly overrated: most people could learn more by studying and reading on their own for four years than by pursuing a university or college degree."

40"Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society. It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem."

41"Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science."

42"Because learning is not a solitary activity but one that requires collaboration among people, students of all ages will benefit academically if they work frequently in groups."

43"To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."

44"Government should not fund any scientific research whose consequences, either medical or ethical, are unclear."

45"Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather than unquestioningly carrying out the will of the people whom they serve."

46"While some leaders in government, sports, industry, and other areas attribute their success to a well-developed sense of competition, a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation."

1、"We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own; disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning."

2、"Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society."

3、"It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to spend it on long-term research that might help future generations."

4、"No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study."

5、"A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer."

6、"The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of its youth."

7、"The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become a more important form of documentation than written records."

8、"It is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public."

9"Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars' ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use."

10"Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive, because it is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated."

11"All nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the process of solving the world's most persistent social problems."

12"People's attitudes are determined more by their immediate situation or surroundings than by any internal characteristic."

13"Many of the world's lesser-known languages are being lost as fewer and fewer people speak them. The governments of countries in which these languages are spoken should act to prevent such languages from becoming extinct."

14"It is necessary for everyone to read poetry, novels, mythology and other types of imaginative literature."

15"The stability of a society depends on how it responds to the extremes of human behavior."

16"Although many people think that the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life are entirely harmless, in fact, they actually prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals."

17"There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws."

18"Only by being forced to defend an idea against the doubts and contrasting views of others does one really discover the value of that idea."

19"If a society is to thrive, it must put its own overall success before the well-being of its individual citizens."

20"National governments should devote more of their social programs and services to children than to adults."

21"Reform is seldom brought about by people who are concerned with their own reputation and social standing. Those who are really in earnest about reforming a government, an educational system, or any other institution must be willing to be viewed with disdain by the rest of the world."

22"Many people believe that a few individuals or small groups (family, friends, teachers, celebrities, for example) have caused them to think and behave in the way they do. Yet it is always society as a whole that defines us and our attitudes, not a few individuals."

23"Contemporary technology makes available many small pieces of factual information. As a result, people have become so preoccupied with bits of fragmented information that they pay too little attention to the larger issues and overall perspectives."

24"People in positions of power are most effective when they exercise caution and restraint in the use of that power."

25"Anyone can make things bigger and more complex. What requires real effort and courage is to move in the opposite direction—in other words, to make things as simple as possible."

本来想参加10月的GRE，但是最近超级忙，没有时间参加作文的机考了。

 

我会尽快报明年的6G，作文在10月左右考。

分学科排名（5）

分学科排名（4）

分学科排名（3）

分学科排名（2）

分学科排名（1）

 金融专业：

 

学校	奖学金
Princeton University	很少
University of Rochester (Simon)	少量
University of Florida (Warrington)	少量
Boston College	少量
Washington University in St. Louis (Olin)	基本没有
University of Illinois–Urbana-Champaign	没有
George Washington University	一定数量的奖学金和助教工作
Oxford University
London School of Economics
University of Warwick

 

 

金融工程专业

 

学校	奖学金
University of California—Berkeley Master of Science in Financial Engineering	基本不设立奖学金
Carnegie Mellon University Computational Finance	一定数量的奖学金
Columbia University MA in Mathematics with Specialization in Mathematics of Finance	不设立奖学金
University of Southern California Master of Science in Mathematical Finance	不设立奖学金

 

市场营销专业

学校	奖学金
Northwestern University Integrated Communication Marketing	没有奖学金，有助学贷款
University of Rochester (Simon) MS in Marketing	少量的奖学金
University of Georgia Marketing Studies	录取就可以获得全奖
University of Southern California Communication Management Strategic Public Relations	少量的奖学金
Michigan State University (Broad) Advertising and Public Relations	TA以及一定数量的Scholarship

GRE写作分类高频机经

科技类

159.”The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of human minds.” 人总是比机器聪明，因为机器只不过是人类的工具而已

30"The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time." 技术进步的最主要的目标就是提高人们的效率，使得每个人都有更多的闲暇时间

88"Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics." 科学技术不但影响而且决定了社会风俗和民族习惯

196."Technology creates more problems than it solves, and may threaten or damage the quality of life." 科学技术产生了许多不能解决的问题，对人们的生活质量构成威胁

138"Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress." 不犯错误就不会有发现和进步

7."The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become a more important form of documentation than written records." 摄像机可以通过如此精确而有力的纪录手段来再现当代生活，因此它已经代替书面纪录成为一种更重要的纪录手段

151."High-speed electronic communications media, such as electronic mail and television, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication."

38"In the age of television, reading books is not as important as it once was. People can learn as much by watching television as they can by reading books." 在电视机时代，阅读书籍已经没有原来那样重要了。人们从电视上学到的东西丝毫不比从书本中学来的少

150."Because of television and worldwide computer connections, people can now become familiar with a great many places that they have never visited. As a result, tourism will soon become obsolete." 通过电视和全世界联网的计算机，人们得以了解很多他们没有去过的地方。所以，旅游事业会越来越不景气

116."With the growth of global networks in such areas as economics and communication, there is no doubt that every aspect of society—including education, politics, the arts, and the sciences—will benefit greatly from international influences." 随着全球网络的增长，如经济和通讯，整个社会的各方各面，包括教育、政治、艺术和科学，都从中获益非浅

历史类

36"The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live after them, not by their contemporaries."  只有后来人评价以前的人，而不应该同时代的人相互评价

110."When we concern ourselves with the study of history, we become storytellers. Because we can never know the past directly but must construct it by interpreting evidence, exploring history is more of a creative enterprise than it is an objective pursuit. All historians are storytellers." 当我们把自己和历史关联起来时，我们变成了讲故事的人。因为我们无从知道过去发生的事情，但是又必须要把她们表述出来，所以历史研究是一个非常有创造性的领域，而并非一个客观的过程。所有的历史学家都是讲故事的人(storyteller)

203. "The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its heroines."  理解一个社会特征的最好的方法就是研究那个社会所认为的伟大人物

48"The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."  对历史的研究把太多的重点放在对某些个人上。而历史上一些重大的事件和发展趋势不是由个别名人决定的，而可能是由那些已经被人们淡忘的人制造的

26"Most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of any society's past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served."  很多人认为建筑代表了一个社会过去的历史价值，但是当现代城市的规划者想要利用老建筑占用的地盘做新的规划时，就会引起很多争辩。在这样的情况下，现代的发展应该优先被考虑，以使当代的需要得到满足。

54"History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today."

120."So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present." 现在的生活日新月异，对过去的研究学习没有实际的指导意义

103."The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives." 只有当历史和我们的生活相关时，对它的研究才有扩展性和价值

社会类

72."One can best understand the most important characteristics of a society by studying its major cities." 一个人要想真正了解一个社会的最大的特点，只用研究一下它的主要城市即可

10"Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive, because it is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated." 政府必须保证主要城市用于发展的财政支持，因为国家的文化传统发源于并保留在这些主要城市

207."Rituals and ceremonies help define a culture. Without them, societies or groups of people have a diminished sense of who they are." 典礼和仪式有助于给一种文化下定义。没有典礼和仪式，人们就无法很好地了解自己。

208."The way people look, dress, and act reveals their attitudes and interests. You can tell much about a society's ideas and values by observing the appearance and behavior of its people." 人们的外表、衣着和行动表现了他们的态度和兴趣。你可以通过观察人们的外表和行为来获知这个社会的想法和价值

121. At various times in the geological past, many species have become extinct as a result of natural, rather than human, processes. Thus, there is no justification for society to make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species." 在过去不同的时期，很多物种的灭绝都是自然因素造成，而并非人类行为。所以，现在我们花费很大的人力物力去拯救濒临灭绝的物种是没有多少价值的

83"Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state, even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus accessible to only a few people." 政府应该保护那些疆域范围内的偏远地区，尽管这些地区人烟稀少

142."The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority." 142．当很多人都质疑权威时候社会才会繁荣富强。

180."Many problems of modem society cannot be solved by laws and the legal system because moral behavior cannot be legislated." 现代社会的许多问题是法律和司法系统不能解决的，因为立法不能左右人的道德行为。

17"There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws." 有两种法律：公平的和不公平的。社会中的每个人都应该遵守公平的法律，更重要的是，应该不遵守或者违抗不公平的法律

174."Laws should not be stationary and fixed. Instead, they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places."  法律不应该太严格、太固定。他们应该根据实际情况而有伸缩性

185."Scandals—whether in politics, academia, or other areas—can be useful. They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could."  丑闻，不管是政治、学术还是其他领域，可能是有用的。它们能吸引人们的注意力，而这点，是任何发言人和改革家都办不到的（传媒）

29"Public figures such as actors, politicians, and athletes should expect people to be interested in their private lives. When they seek a public role, they should expect that they will lose at least some of their privacy."  公众人物，例如演员、政治家和运动员应该预料到人们对他们私生活的关注。当他们决定成为公众角色时，他们应该知道自己的一些隐私将被公布于众（媒体）

161."'In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possible for a society to regard any woman or man as a hero. The reputation of anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be diminished."

在媒体覆盖率很大的当今社会，人们不可能把一个人当作英雄。任何有威望的人在媒体强烈的“关注”下都会名声扫地。

OK113. "It is primarily through identification through social groups that we define ourselves."  我们定义自己，最主要是通过我们对社会集体的参与和认识来实现的。（一个孤立的人只有参与到社会集体中去，才能够定义自己。）

197. "The material progress and well-being of one country are necessarily connected to the material progress and well-being of all other countries." 一个国家的生活质量提高和社会的安定是和其他所有国家的生活质量提高和社会安定密不可分的。

195-"The goal of politics should not be the pursuit of an ideal, but rather the search for common ground and reasonable consensus." 政治的目标不应该是追求一个理想，而是寻找普遍合理的大多数人的意见

160."The most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives. Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little." 一个好的领导最主要的品质就是对某些特定原则和目标的坚持。任何领导，如果他很容易受到大众化观点的影响，那他就一事无成。

OK108."In many countries it is now possible to turn on the television and view government at work. Watching these proceedings can help people understand the issues that affect their lives. The more kinds of government proceedings - trials, debates, meetings, etc. - that are televised, the more society will benefit." 在很多国家，人们一打开电视就能看到政府人员办公的场景。观看这样的场景有助于人们理解影响他们生活的决议。政府办公的过程，如日常事物、辩论、会议等，向人们开放得越多，人们就越能从中受益

OK147."Tradition and modernization are incompatible. One must choose between them." 传统和现代是不相容的。人们必须在二者之间做出选择。

70."In any profession—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership."  在任何领域，商业、政治、教育、政府，掌权者应该在5年任期后下台。对任何公司企业来说，取得成功最保险的途径就是聘用新生的人担当领导

41"Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science." 一些非主流的领域，如占星、算命以及偏执在社会中扮演着非常重要的角色，它们满足了人们的那些主流科学满足不了的需要

Issue 110 "How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society."